PyTorch
API: torch.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping
JAX (Core)
API: jax.numpy.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping
NumPy
API: numpy.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping
Keras
API: keras.ops.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping
TensorFlow
API: tf.experimental.numpy.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping
Apple MLX
API: —
Strategy: Custom / Partial
Flax NNX
API: jax.numpy.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping
PaxML / Praxis
API: jax.numpy.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping