PyTorch
API: torch.row_stack
Strategy: Direct Mapping
JAX (Core)
API: jax.numpy.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping
NumPy
API: numpy.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping
Keras
API: keras.ops.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping
TensorFlow
API: tf.experimental.numpy.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping
Apple MLX
API: mlx.core.concatenate
Strategy: Plugin (mlx_vstack)
Flax NNX
API: jax.numpy.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping
PaxML / Praxis
API: jax.numpy.vstack
Strategy: Direct Mapping